Fig 2: NET formation in the mouse kidney after acute injury. (A) Representative NETs staining of bilateral IRI at different time points after reperfusion. Colocalization of CitH3 (green), Ly6G (red), and swelled nuclei (blue). (B) CitH3 (expected weight: 17 kDa) expression in bilateral IRI kidneys by immunoblotting. (C) Quantitative analysis was analyzed by normalization to β-actin expression, n = 3/group. **P < 0.01. Data are presented as mean ± SD.

Fig 3: Anti-CXCL5 mAb participates in the anti-inflammatory process in connection with neutrophils in APAP-injected mice. (A) The Ly6G positive neutrophils in histological sections of the liver were detected with IHC to reveal hepatic neutrophil infiltration. (B) The quantification of the percentage of Ly6G positive cells was shown. (C) The gene expression levels of CCL2, CXCL1, and CXCL2 which are neutrophil-related chemokines were evaluated via qRT-PCR. The data are expressed as mean ± SD per group (n = 5 per group). For the comparisons between the experimental groups, an independent samples t-test was used to assess the difference, * p < 0.05 and *** p < 0.001. Original magnification: ×400 (IHC).

Fig 4: Macrophage‐specific DCLK1 deletion alleviates aortic inflammation and inflammatory cell infiltration in atherosclerotic lesionsThe animal experiment using ApoE−/−DCLK1f/f and ApoE−/−DCLK1MCKO mice fed with or without HFD was described in the Materials and Methods section. A, BRepresentative immunofluorescence staining images (A) and quantification (B) of F4/80 (green) in aortic roots. Tissues were counterstained with DAPI (blue). F4/80 area was quantified by the proportion of F4/80‐positive area to aortic root area. Scale bar = 250 μm, n = 10 biological replicates.C–FRepresentative immunohistochemistry staining images and quantification of Ly6G (C, D) and Ly6C (E, F) in aortic roots (scale bar = 25 μm, n = 10 biological replicates).G–IScatter diagram (G) and quantification (H‐I) of neutrophil and monocyte in plasma measured by an automated blood cell analyzer (n = 10 biological replicates). SFL, side fluorescence; SSC, side scatter.J, KProtein (J) and mRNA (K) levels of inflammatory cytokines TNF‐α and IL‐6 in serum and aortas. The values of mRNA levels were normalized to Rn18s (n = 10 biological replicates).LmRNA levels of proinflammatory chemokines and adhesion molecules in aortas (n = 10 biological replicates). The values were normalized to Rn18s. Data information: Data were shown as mean ± SEM; *P < 0.05; ns, not significant, two‐tailed unpaired Student's t‐test. Source data are available online for this figure.

Fig 5: Theabrownin improves liver injury and inflammation in MCD diet-fed mice. (A) Serum ALT level. (B) Serum AST level. (C) Liver section for H&E staining. (D) Quantification of lobular inflammation. (E) mRNA levels for MCP-1 and ICAM-1. (F) Liver section for IHC with F4/80, Ly-6G, and IL-1β. (G–I) Quantification of positive area for F4/80, Ly-6G, and IL-1β. n=5-11 mice per group. The data are mean ± s.e. (error bars). **p < 0.01, ***p < 0.001, MCS Ctrl vs. MCD Ctrl; ††, p<0.01, †††, p<0.001 MCD Ctrl vs. MCD TB.